Plant diseases can be caused by a variety of factors such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, mycoplasma and nematodes. Additionally, physical abnormalities of the plant, abnormal temperature, humidity, strong winds, excessive rainfall, weeds, uneven use of fertilizers, and injury to the plant due to any reason can also lead to plant diseases.
Please find below the details about the main diseases, symptoms, and remedies observed in gardens.
Disease 1: Damping off
Symptoms:
Damping off disease is characterized by the drooping of the plant to one side due to root rot. This disease is usually seen in nursery beds that are waterlogged. The roots of infected plants turn first brown and then black, indicating a fungal disease. Damping off can also affect eucalyptus seedlings. The manifestation of this disease is seen under vegetable seeds.
Remedy:
To prevent damping off, the soil where the saplings will be planted should be sandy and allow air to circulate in the soil. The bed soil should be treated with formaldehyde (50:1 ratio), solar energy, or fire. To prevent the disease, Cupravit, Bordomixer, or Diathane M-45 can be used. Cupravit or Diothen should be mixed with 2 grams per liter of water and sprayed.
Disease 2: Root Rot
Symptoms:
Root rot is caused by parasitic fungi that attack the roots of baby tree seedlings, causing the roots to rot near the ground.
Remedy:
The infected plants should be removed and burnt. Applying Bordeaux mixer, Cupravit, or Diathane M-45 can prevent this disease.
Disease 3: Leaf Spot
Symptoms:
This disease is characterized by the appearance of brown, black, or red spots on the leaves of the seedling.
Remedy:
Infected plants should be removed and burnt. Cupravit is an effective remedy for this disease.
Disease 4: Leading
Symptoms:
If the roots of the seedling are infected with bacteria, the leaves and new branches will drop, and the seedling’s respiration will increase in too much air. Leading diseases are also seen when the supply of water is low.
Remedy:
Applying Bordeaux mixer or Diathane M-45 can prevent this disease. The water supply should be increased.
Disease 5: Dyback
Symptoms:
Under the attack of parasitic fungus, the upper stem dries up from the apex downwards, and then the plant slowly dies.
Remedy:
The base of the saplings should be kept clean, and the land should be plowed while preparing it. This disease can be controlled by applying Bordeaux mixer, Cupravit, Diathen M45. The affected tip should be cut below the dead part along with 4-5 inches of fresh part, removed and burnt, and board paste should be applied to the cut area.
